First Boot

Power on. Ubuntu loads. You log in. Now what?

Everything from here happens in a terminal. That’s the command line — a text window where you type instructions and the machine responds. On a QB2, the terminal is your instrument panel. Learning its three or four most-used commands will get you surprisingly far.

Finding a Terminal

If you’re looking at the GNOME desktop:

• Press Ctrl+Alt+T — opens a terminal on most Ubuntu setups
• Or press the Super key (Windows key), type terminal, press Enter
• Or right-click the desktop and choose “Open Terminal”

Once a terminal window is open, you’re in the right place. It shows a prompt ending in $ — everything you type goes after that.

The Three Commands You Need Right Now

Check disk space first. Models are large. This is non-negotiable to understand before you do anything else:

df -h ~

This shows your home directory’s disk usage. The Size column is total, Avail is what’s free. You need room — at minimum 3 GB for a small model (Qwen3-0.6B), 20+ GB for anything like Llama-3.1-8B. If you’re under 5 GB free, stop here and figure out where the space went before continuing.

Check internet connectivity:

ping -c 3 google.com

If this fails, check your network cable or go to Settings → Network. Everything else in this guide requires internet access for model downloads.

Update the package list (do this once after first boot):

sudo apt update

sudo means “run as administrator.” Ubuntu will ask for your password. This doesn’t install or change anything — it just refreshes the list of what’s available. You’ll see a lot of text scroll by. That’s normal.

Ubuntu: What You Should Know

The QB2 runs Ubuntu 24.04 LTS. If this is your first time with it:

• Package manager is apt — install things with sudo apt install <name>
• Files are case-sensitive: Model.py and model.py are different files
• Your home directory is ~ — short for /home/yourusername
• sudo runs a command as administrator — use it only when a command tells you to

Your Login, Password, and SSH

Many QB2 units ship with a default login — username ttuser, password ttuser. If that’s how yours arrived, change the password the moment you’re in, before the machine is reachable on a shared network:

passwd

It asks for the current password (ttuser), then a new one twice.

Turn on SSH

Later in this guide — and on every other path — you reach the QB2 from your own laptop over SSH: forwarding a model server’s port back to your machine, copying files, running commands remotely. SSH isn’t always running on a fresh box, so turn it on once:

# Install and enable the SSH server
sudo apt install -y openssh-server
sudo systemctl enable --now ssh

# Confirm it's listening
systemctl status ssh

Then find the address other machines use to reach you:

hostname -I     # the QB2's IP address on your network
hostname        # its name — often <name>.local

From your laptop you can now run ssh ttuser@<that-ip>. This is what makes the remote-access steps in Serving Models on QB2 — and bringing tt-studio’s web UI to your own browser — work.

Python: A Field Guide to the Confusion

This is where new Linux users often hit a wall. Ubuntu ships with its own Python. The Tenstorrent software has its own Python environments. These are separate and don’t mix. Here’s the landscape:

What exists on your system

Why does this matter?

Ubuntu 24.04 enforces what’s called externally-managed Python — the system Python is protected. If you try to pip install something directly, Ubuntu will refuse with an error about breaking system packages. This is intentional. It protects you.

The right move is always: activate the correct venv, then install inside it. The Tenstorrent venvs already have everything you need for this guide, so you won’t need to install much.

What which python3 tells you

Before running any Python code, check which Python is active:

which python3

If you see /usr/bin/python3 — you’re using the system Python. Tenstorrent imports will fail.

If you see something like /home/yourname/tt-metal/python_env/bin/python3 — you’re inside the right venv. Go ahead.

pip, pyenv, uv — a brief map

You may encounter other Python tools in documentation or online:

• pip — Python package installer. Works inside a venv. Fine to use there.
• pyenv — manages multiple Python versions (3.10, 3.11, etc.). The QB2 doesn’t need it — the venvs handle version isolation.
• virtualenv / python -m venv — creates isolated environments. The Tenstorrent venvs were built this way.
• uv — a fast, modern alternative to pip and virtualenv. Works, but the QB2 docs and this guide use standard venv activation.

For this guide: ignore pyenv, ignore uv. Activate the venv Tenstorrent provides. That’s all you need.

Activating and deactivating

# Activate the TTNN environment
source ~/tt-metal/python_env/bin/activate

# Your prompt now shows (python_env) — you're inside
# Deactivate when done
deactivate

The (python_env) prefix in your prompt is the signal. When it’s there, Python calls and imports go to the right place. When it’s not, they don’t.

Next: Is This Thing On? →